Correction to Federal Tax Procedure Editions on the Late/Former Commissioner Billy Long's Credible Experience--Actually None (8/22/25)

A friend pointed out that, in my Federal Tax Procedure Book Editions, I misdescribed Billy Long, the recently departed Commissioner of Internal Revenue, as having “credible experience in either tax or management experience.” (See Student Ed., pp. 26-27; Practitioner Ed. p. 45.) I left out “no” before “credible.” So, with apologies to the readers of the editions, I have revised the paragraph in the 2026 Working Draft as follows (with changes in redline; text only).

          On June 12, 2025, the Senate confirmed Billy Long, President Trump’s choice, for Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The nomination and confirmation were controversial because (i) the confirmation was preceded by chaos among the acting IRS leadership, and (ii) more importantly, Long had no credible experience in either tax or management experience. Apparently, for that reason and probably also other disqualifying factors, President Trump removed Commissioner Long, dressing up that removal as a move to permit him to serve as Ambassador to Iceland (rather than a mistake in the first place). Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent is now Acting Commissioner.

 I also note that I did get it right in a footnote which ends as follows:

JAT Editorial Comment: Long appears to have no relevant qualifications to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue other than sycophancy to President Trump which is the only credential he needed to be approved by the Senate on a party-line vote.

Billy Long Confirmed as IRS Commissioner of Internal Revenue (6/15/25)

On June 12, 2025, the Senate confirmed President’s Trump’s nomination of Billy Long as Commissioner of Internal Revenue. See Wikipedia, Billy Long, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Long (Last edited 6/15/25 and viewed 6/15/25). I just updated the working draft for the 2025 editions of my Federal Tax Procedure Book. I copy and paste the relevant portion as of 6/15/25 with footnotes (note that the footnote numbers in the working draft, but in the final will certainly be different): 

                   3.     Commissioner of Internal Revenue.

           The Commissioner of Internal Revenue is a Presidential appointee confirmed by the Senate. The Commissioner heads the vast IRS bureaucracy. n216 Historically, the Commissioner has been a leading tax practitioner, most often a tax lawyer. Because of the perception that tax practitioners may not be the best managers, the statute now requires that the Commissioner have “demonstrated ability in management.”n217 Tax practitioners are not necessarily excluded, but the field is much broader now.
   n216 § 7803.
   n217 § 7803(a)(1)(A).

          On June 12, 2025, the Senate confirmed President Trump’s choice for Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The nomination and confirmation were controversial because (i) the confirmation was preceded by chaos among the acting IRS leadership,n218 and (ii), more importantly, Long has no or no credible experience in either tax or management experience.n219 Nevertheless, he is the Commissioner now. n220
   n218  Political Thrashing Around Acting Commissioners and Commissioner of Internal Revenue (Federal Tax Procedure Blog 4/18/25; 4/19/25).
   n219 Professionally (if that is the right word), Long was a realtor and auctioneer until serving in the House of Representatives from 2011-2023. Long attended college but did not graduate, subsequently graduating from the Missouri Auction School. In 2023, Long became a “tax consultant” promoting dubious tax claims related to Employee Retention Credits. In that role, he promoted himself as a “Certified Tax & Business Consultant,” a title he earned by attending a three-day course offered by a tax promoter. See Wikipedia, Billy Long, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy_Long (Last edited 6/15/25 and viewed 6/15/25). JAT Editorial Comment: Long appears to have no relevant qualifications to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue other than sycophancy to President Trump which is the only credential he needed to be approved by the Senate on a party line vote. While awaiting his Senate confirmation, Long served as Senior Advisor in OPM (Office of Management and Budget). It is unclear to me what role he served as Senior Advisor, but I suppose one salient benefit was that, receiving a Government salary, he would have been foreclosed from abusing the tax system as he did before taking the Senior Advisor role. (That is, if he honored conflicts of interest policies, although Trump and his minions appear to have only passing acquaintance, if any, with conflicts of interest policies.)
   n220 Perhaps someone will litigate the issue of whether Long is statutorily disqualified for the position.

Political Thrashing Around Acting Commissioners and Commissioner of Internal Revenue (4/18/25; 4/19/25)

I thought I was through posting for the day and even for a few days. But this new item popped up. Jonathan Swan, Andrew Duehren, Alan Rappeport and Maggie Haberman, Head of I.R.S. Being Ousted Amid Treasury’s Power Struggle With Elon Musk (NYT 4/18/25), here. I think readers should be able to read the article, but if not a free article of some of the same content is Katherine Doyle, Trump is replacing the acting IRS commissioner, part of a dispute between treasury and Elon Musk (NBC News 4/18/25), here.

President Trump nominated a political actor, William Hollis Long II (“Billy”), Wikipedia here, but he has yet to have confirmation hearings. As the articles note, there has been some thrashing around in the “Acting” leadership in the IRS because of political meddling by Trump and his sycophants. I don’t propose to go into that.

The statute requires that the Commissioner have “demonstrated ability in management.”  § 7803(a)(1)(A), here. I would think that, by reasonable inference, Acting Commissioners should also meet that requirement. Hence, in the past Acting Commissioners were often drawn from high level Executive IRS officers who have demonstrated ability in management. Melanie Krause, Wikipedia here, former Acting who left a couple of days ago, had such demonstrated ability. She was replaced by Gary Shapley, one of the “whistleblowers” on the IRS investigation (conducted with the USAO Delaware) of Hunter Biden. It was never clear to me that Mr. Shapley had any such “demonstrated ability in management.” Nor, is it evident that Mr. Long, a former auctioneer and U.S. Representative, has such “demonstrated ability in management.”

Trump may have appointed Mr. Long to create further dysfunction in the IRS, so lack of management skills may be the whole point. Still, I would think that someone who is both smart and with management skills could do a better job of wrecking the IRS.

Trump’s First Term Commissioner was Charles P. (“Chuck”) Rettig, Wikipedia here. I know Chuck and like him a lot. I was not aware of his demonstrated ability in management, but I did know him to be a very smart, competent, and experienced tax attorney with great people skills. From what I can determine, he did a great job as Commissioner. By contrast, I have no reason to believe that Billy Long brings those characteristics, much less management skills, to the job for which he has been appointed. Maybe with his auctioneer skills, he can sell off the outsourcing of the IRS to the highest bidder (perhaps Musk).

Update on 4/19/25 @ 3:45pm: The President has named Michael Faulkender, Deputy Secretary of Treasurer, as the Acting Commissioner of Internal Revenue to act until the Presidential nominee (currently Billly Long, the auctioneer) is approved by the Senate. Faulkener's Wikipedia page is here. It is not apparent from the Wikipedia description that Faulkender has “demonstrated ability in management,” although he certainly appears to be a smart and capable person and likely can meet the demands of the office. 

In terms of credentials and apparent mental firepower, Faulkender stands head and shoulders over the immediately preceding Acting Commission, Gary Shapley, Wikipedia here, who lasted just a few days in office and whose only claim to prominence was that, as an IRS Criminal Investigation Special Agent, he blew the whistle on claimed mismanagement of the Delaware U.S. Attorney’s investigation of Hunter Biden. Having blown the whistle on matters that implicate Joe Biden, Shapley became the darling of the conservatives and particularly Donald J. Trump, who hates Joe Biden with a passion. It was not clear to me how Shapley remotely qualified for the position of Acting Commissioner of Internal Revenue. Of course, as I noted above, it is not clear to me how the nominee for Commissioner, Billy Long, the auctioneer, remotely qualifies.